Allergies are a common phenomenon that affects millions of people around the world. They can manifest themselves in different ways and be triggered by a variety of factors - pollen, foods, animal dander or chemicals. Allergic reactions are directly related to the immune system, which overreacts to otherwise harmless substances. Understanding how allergies affect immunity, as well as seasonal changes, can help us deal with this problem more effectively.
What happens in the body during an allergic reaction?
The immune system plays a key role in protecting the body from infections and diseases. However, when it encounters an allergen, it can react inappropriately, recognizing it as a threat and starting to attack it. This leads to symptoms such as itching, swelling, redness, breathing problems or even anaphylactic shock in the most severe cases.
The main "culprits" for allergic reactions are antibodies, which are produced in excessive quantities upon contact with an allergen. This triggers the release of histamine – a chemical responsible for unpleasant symptoms such as stuffy nose, sneezing and irritated eyes.
The influence of seasons on allergies
Seasons play a significant role in the development of allergic reactions. Spring and autumn are the riskiest periods for hay fever sufferers. In spring, trees and plants release large amounts of pollen, which can cause severe symptoms. Autumn is also challenging due to the presence of grass and mold pollen.
Winter, although there are fewer outdoor allergens, brings its own challenges – dust mites and animal dander can trigger reactions in sensitive people.
Interesting facts about allergies
Interestingly, people living in cities are more prone to allergies than those living in rural areas. The main reason for this is higher air pollution, which can weaken the immune system and increase its sensitivity to allergens. In addition, factors such as poor diet, contaminated drinks and stress can also increase the risk of allergic reactions.
Treatment and prevention
Treatment of allergies can include antihistamines, steroids or immunotherapy. The best approach is to consult a specialist to determine an individual plan to control your symptoms. Understanding the relationship between allergies and the immune system, as well as the role of seasonal factors, is essential for a better quality of life.